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The ancient castle of Lucilinburhuc was built in 963, marking the position of Luxembourg City.

The Adolphe Bridge is a symbol of Luxembourg's independence, named after the country's first Grand Duke to hold the title independently.

Hollenfels Castle is one of the older castles in Luxembourg, build around 1100, and occupied by German, French and Belgian aristocrats.

Luxembourg's official ensign is the red lion. This symbol is used for shipping as well as aviation.

The Château de Bourscheid was built around 1000. Evidence of the presence of Romans has been found in the castle's grounds.

Luxembourg City is a mixture of thousand-year-old stone castles and brightly coloured buildings, reflecting the city's diverse history.

1786 - Map showing location of Luxembourg as part of the Austrian Netherlands. Luxembourg territory has changed hands around 20 times during its existence.

Though first used in 1845, six years after gaining independence, Luxembourg's flag was not officially adopted until 1972. The colours were taken from the country's coat of arms.

Luxembourg is dotted with castles - Vianden Castle is the largest feudal castle in the country, built between the 11th and 14th centuries.

Luxembourg's motto meaning 'We want to remain what we are' refers to the ambition of the Luxembourgish to remain independent of the neighbouring countries that dominated it for centuries.

The original size of Luxembourg, the entire shaded area, and how the territory has been divided up. The darkest area is the size of modern Luxembourg.

The turrets and moat of the Lucilinburhuc Castle. Built on a Roman fort, Luxembourg grew around it.

The bright colours of Luxembourg City's buildings add to the city's charm.

Fast-flowing rivers cut deep valleys into the Ardennes region in the north of Luxembourg.

The imposing dense forests of the Oesling region.

With 12,370 km2 of vineyards, the Moselle region produces most of Luxembourg's wine, which is mostly exported to Belgium.

Vineyards cover the slopes of the Moselle Valley.

Sandstone outcrops differentiate the Lorraine region of southern Luxembourg from the mountainous Ardennes of the north.

A village along the Moselle River, bordering Germany.

The rugged landscape of the north of Luxembourg.

Though the landscape is beautiful, only a small number of people live in the north of Luxembourg because of the difficult terrain and inclement weather.

Vineyards in the Moselle region of Luxembourg.

Dense forest and steep valleys characterise the imposing Oesling landscape.

A chateau accents the landscape in the mountainous Ardennes of the north.

Topography of Luxembourg and the surrounding countries. In the north is the mountainous Ardennes, shown in red, whereas the south is the flatter Lorraine region, shown in green and yellow.

The gentle undulations of the south Luxembourg countryside.

The south of Luxembourg is covered in steel works, evidence of an industry that generated most of the country's wealth.

Vianden, one of the larger towns in sparsely-populated north of Luxembourg.

The dense forests of the Oesling region in the north of Luxembourg make it difficult for people to live here.

Mist in the valleys in the Moselle region of Luxembourg.

The autumn leaves of the parks in Luxembourg City.

The flag of Luxembourg flies together with the EU flag in Luxembourg City's main square.

A motorway bridge bypasses a small Luxembourg town, providing a fast route into the city.

The modern EU bulding contrasts with the older parts of Luxembourg City.

A revamped motorway system in Luxembourg allows commuters to get from France or Germany into Luxembourg City within half an hour.

The Alzette River runs through the centre of Luxembourg City.

The Pfaffenthal Viaduct is still used as a railway line bringing commuters into Luxembourg City.

The Kirchberg Plateau in Luxembourg City is the location for most of the European Commission buildings, the European Investment Bank and the European Court of Justice.

Luxembourg's rail network links the major cities to its surrounding countries, to allow for easy commuter access.

The towers of the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg City.

Bourscheid, a small town in the Oesling region. Only 15% of the population of Luxembourg lives in Oesling.

Luxembourg has a very efficient rail network, used everyday by thousands of commuters.

The Moselle River marks the border between Luxembourg and Germany.